01 - Preheat the oven to 400°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, salt, and black pepper until well blended.
03 - Stir in the grated cheddar and chopped chives until evenly distributed throughout the flour mixture.
04 - Create a well in the center of the mixture. Pour in the buttermilk and melted butter. Mix with a wooden spoon or hands until a shaggy dough forms. Add additional buttermilk by tablespoons if mixture appears too dry.
05 - Turn dough onto a lightly floured surface. Gently knead just until dough holds together, being careful not to overwork. Shape into a round loaf approximately 7 inches in diameter.
06 - Place loaf on prepared baking sheet. Using a sharp knife, cut a deep X across the top of the loaf.
07 - Bake for 30 to 35 minutes until deeply golden and loaf sounds hollow when tapped on bottom.
08 - Transfer to a wire rack and let cool for at least 15 minutes before slicing. Serve warm or at room temperature.